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摄影并不是对拍摄器材简单的应用，而是一种技术、理念与艺术灵感相融合的创作过程。如果你拥有了相机、手机等拍摄器材，要想拍出好的摄影作品，首先就应该学习摄影理论和摄影技术，而且还要培养一定的艺术审美。 本书对数码摄影涉及的概念、理论、技术、硬件常识，以及构图、用光、色彩等美学理论进行了详细介绍。本书主要内容包括认识摄影与相机，熟悉摄影器材，曝光与测光的原理与技巧，照片的虚实、动静、画质与色彩，对焦原理与技巧，摄影构图基础、技巧与经验，实拍中用光的技巧，摄影中的色彩运用，等等。 本书内容全面，知识体系完整、系统，囊括了摄影的基础理论与拍摄实战的全方位知识，适合摄影爱好者参考学习，也可以作为高等职业院校相关专业的教材使用。
目录：
第 1 章 认识摄影与相机 ....................................................................013
1.1 摄影的概念与意义 .........................................................................................013
1.2 快速了解摄影技术的发展历程 .....................................................................015
摄影技术的核心原理 .....................................................................................015
达盖尔的摄影术 .............................................................................................016
便携式相机的诞生 .........................................................................................018
数码摄影时代到来 .........................................................................................018
第 2 章 熟悉摄影器材 .......................................................................021
2.1 相机的分类及各自的特点 .............................................................................021
相机分类1：是否可换镜头 ..........................................................................021
相机分类2：按取景方式 ..............................................................................022
相机分类3：按画幅尺寸 ..............................................................................024
2.2 无人机摄影的特点 .........................................................................................027
2.3 手机摄影的4 个常识 .....................................................................................028
像素与解像力 .................................................................................................028
电子变焦、光学变焦与混合变焦 .................................................................029
算法优化 .........................................................................................................029
决定手机摄影成败的关键在哪里 .................................................................030
第 3 章 镜头与附件 ...........................................................................031
3.1 镜头的分类及各自的特点 .............................................................................031
镜头分类1：广角、标准与长焦 ..................................................................031
镜头分类2：定焦与变焦 ..............................................................................036
四大特殊镜头及用途 .....................................................................................038
3.2 镜头高级知识 .................................................................................................041
镜头结构 .........................................................................................................041
恒定光圈与非恒定光圈 .................................................................................041
等效焦距换算 .................................................................................................043
法兰距与转接环：镜头能否通用的关键 .....................................................043
非球面镜片 .....................................................................................................044
低色散镜片 .....................................................................................................045
怎样分析镜头性能曲线图（MTF） .............................................................046
认识增倍镜 .....................................................................................................047
近摄环与最近对焦距离 .................................................................................048
3.3 滤镜 .................................................................................................................050
圆形滤镜与方形插片滤镜 .............................................................................050
UV 滤镜 ..........................................................................................................050
偏振镜 .............................................................................................................051
渐变镜 .............................................................................................................052
减光镜 .............................................................................................................053
柔光镜 .............................................................................................................054
新技术对滤镜的影响 .....................................................................................055
3.4 其他附件 .........................................................................................................057
三脚架 .............................................................................................................057
快门线 .............................................................................................................058
存储卡 .............................................................................................................059
读卡器 .............................................................................................................060
第 4 章 曝光与测光 ...........................................................................062
4.1 曝光的过程与曝光值 .....................................................................................062
4.2 曝光三要素 .....................................................................................................063
光圈与光圈值 .................................................................................................066
快门与快门速度 .............................................................................................067
感光度与照片画质 .........................................................................................069
4.3 测光与曝光的关系 .........................................................................................069
4.4 四大常用测光方式 .........................................................................................070
4.5 曝光模式（拍摄模式） .................................................................................074
全自动与场景曝光模式 .................................................................................074
光圈优先模式的原理与用法 .........................................................................076
快门优先模式的原理与用法 .........................................................................077
P 模式的原理与用法 ......................................................................................078
M 全手动模式的原理与用法 ........................................................................079
B 门长曝光 .....................................................................................................080
4.6 宽容度、动态范围与HDR ............................................................................081
4.7 锁定曝光的用法 .............................................................................................082
第 5 章 照片的虚实、动静、画质与色彩 ...........................................083
5.1 景深四要素 .....................................................................................................083
开大光圈拍人像得到虚化背景 .....................................................................084
用长焦距拍人物得到虚化背景 .....................................................................085
靠近被摄对象得到虚化背景 .........................................................................085
让人物远离背景得到虚化效果 .....................................................................086
5.2 画面动静实战 .................................................................................................086
5.3 利用降噪改善画质 .........................................................................................087
5.4 白平衡与色温 .................................................................................................088
自动白平衡 .....................................................................................................091
借助色温来控制画面色彩 .............................................................................092
自定义白平衡 .................................................................................................092
主动错用白平衡渲染画面氛围 .....................................................................094
第 6 章 摄影对焦技术 .......................................................................096
6.1 对焦原理 .........................................................................................................096
6.2 相位对焦与反差式对焦 .................................................................................098
6.3 自动对焦与手动对焦的使用场景 .................................................................100
6.4 弱光下对焦的3 种方式 .................................................................................102
6.5 三大对焦模式 .................................................................................................104
单次对焦：绝大多数场景适应 .....................................................................104
连续对焦：捕捉运动对象 .............................................................................106
对动静不易确定的主体对焦 .........................................................................107
6.6 单点与多点对焦 .............................................................................................108
单点对焦 .........................................................................................................108
多点对焦 .........................................................................................................109
6.7 对焦精确度 .....................................................................................................110
6.8 实拍中的对焦技巧 ......................................................................................... 111
风光场景对焦 ................................................................................................. 111
人像题材对焦 .................................................................................................114
超焦距法对焦 .................................................................................................116
面部、追眼与眼控对焦 .................................................................................117
锁定对焦与余弦误差 .....................................................................................118
第 7 章 摄影构图基础、技巧与经验 ..................................................120
7.1 构图的概念与构图元素 .................................................................................120
7.2 优秀摄影作品的特点 .....................................................................................121
主题鲜明 .........................................................................................................121
主体突出 .........................................................................................................122
画面干净 .........................................................................................................123
表现力强 .........................................................................................................124
7.3 画面景别的选择 .............................................................................................125
远景 .................................................................................................................125
全景 .................................................................................................................126
中景 .................................................................................................................127
特写 .................................................................................................................128
7.4 照片横与竖的选择 .........................................................................................129
7.5 照片的画幅比例 .............................................................................................131
主流的1∶1、3∶2 与4∶3 的画幅比例 ......................................................131
16∶9 与18∶9 的画幅比例 ...........................................................................133
2.35∶1 的画幅比例 .......................................................................................134
7.6 拍摄视角高低的选择 .....................................................................................135
平拍 .................................................................................................................135
俯拍 .................................................................................................................136
仰拍 .................................................................................................................136
7.7 摄影创作中的透视关系 .................................................................................137
几何透视 .........................................................................................................137
影调透视 .........................................................................................................139
7.8 黄金构图 .........................................................................................................140
黄金法则 .........................................................................................................140
三分法构图 .....................................................................................................141
7.9 常见的对比构图 .............................................................................................143
7.10 构图中的点与线 ...........................................................................................144
利用线条构图 ...............................................................................................144
点构图的位置 ...............................................................................................144
7.11 常见几何构图形式........................................................................................145
第 8 章 实拍中用光的技巧 ................................................................148
8.1 光比 .................................................................................................................148
大光比画面的特点及应用 .............................................................................148
小光比画面的特点及应用 .............................................................................149
8.2 光的性质 .........................................................................................................150
直射光与画面特点 .........................................................................................150
散射光与画面特点 .........................................................................................151
反射光与画面特点 .........................................................................................152
8.3 光的方向 .........................................................................................................152
顺光的特点及应用 .........................................................................................152
侧光的特点及应用 .........................................................................................153
侧顺光的特点及应用 .....................................................................................154
侧逆光的特点及应用 .....................................................................................155
逆光的特点及应用 .........................................................................................156
顶光的特点及应用 .........................................................................................158
底光的特点及应用 .........................................................................................159
8.4 黄金时间定律 .................................................................................................160
第 9 章 摄影中的色彩运用 ................................................................162
9.1 色彩三要素在摄影中的应用 .........................................................................162
色相 .................................................................................................................163
饱和度（纯度） .............................................................................................163
明度 .................................................................................................................164
9.2 不同色系的画面特点 .....................................................................................164
9.3 相邻色与互补色 .............................................................................................168
9.4 色不过三 .........................................................................................................170
第 10 章 风光摄影实拍 .....................................................................171
10.1 拍山景的技巧 ...............................................................................................171
选择合适的时间 ...........................................................................................171
寻找有趣的前景 ...........................................................................................172
低视角，强化前景 .......................................................................................173
使用远景和近景进行对比 ...........................................................................173
10.2 拍水景的技巧 ...............................................................................................174
使用三脚架 ...................................................................................................174
寻找有趣的前景 ...........................................................................................174
利用反射和倒影进行构图 ...........................................................................175
10.3 拍草原的技巧 ...............................................................................................175
选择合适的时间 ...........................................................................................175
利用线条 .......................................................................................................176
利用人物或动物 ...........................................................................................177
10.4 拍花卉的技巧 ...............................................................................................178
调整背景 .......................................................................................................178
寻找有趣的构图 ...........................................................................................178
近距离拍摄 ...................................................................................................179
尝试不同的角度 ...........................................................................................180
10.5 拍城市风光的技巧 .......................................................................................180
寻找有趣的地点和建筑 ...............................................................................180
利用线条和对称 ...........................................................................................181
尝试不同的角度和视角 ...............................................................................182
利用光线 .......................................................................................................182
利用反射和镜面效果 ...................................................................................183
第 11 章 人像摄影实拍 ......................................................................184
11.1 拍摄技巧的运用............................................................................................184
在哪里对焦 ...................................................................................................184
“曝光准”的准确含义是什么 .....................................................................185
一定要补光 ...................................................................................................187
一定要使用RAW 格式来拍摄 ....................................................................189
11.2 画面效果审美................................................................................................189
构图合理 .......................................................................................................189
掌握一定的美姿技巧 ...................................................................................190
光线要到位 ...................................................................................................192
11.3 积累拍摄经验................................................................................................193
景要好 ...........................................................................................................193
人要美 ...........................................................................................................194
人物的镜头感要好 .......................................................................................195
用后期思路指导前期拍片 ...........................................................................196
第 12 章 纪实摄影 .............................................................................197
12.1 纪实摄影的概念 ...........................................................................................197
12.2 主题 ...............................................................................................................198
重大事件 .......................................................................................................198
百姓生活 .......................................................................................................199
记录文化 .......................................................................................................199
环境类纪实摄影 ...........................................................................................200
重要现象 .......................................................................................................201
12.3 纪实摄影的表现手法 ...................................................................................202
决定与非决定性瞬间 ...................................................................................202
黑白影像 .......................................................................................................203
多视角组图 ...................................................................................................204
12.4 纪实摄影的评判标准 ...................................................................................205
真实性 ...........................................................................................................205
历史证明 .......................................................................................................206
情感与人道主义关怀 ...................................................................................206
第 13 章 街拍摄影 .............................................................................207
13.1 街拍摄影器材选择 .......................................................................................207
器材搭配与特点 ...........................................................................................207
熟悉相机性能与功能 ...................................................................................208
轻装上阵 .......................................................................................................209
13.2 街拍摄影的6 个技巧 ...................................................................................209
拍摄动作不宜太明显 ...................................................................................209
大景深 ...........................................................................................................210
背景选择 .......................................................................................................211
预判与等待 ...................................................................................................211
交流沟通 .......................................................................................................212
组图风格要统一 ...........................................................................................213
第 14 章 微距摄影 .............................................................................214
14.1 认识微距摄影 ...............................................................................................214
微距摄影的概念与误区 ...............................................................................214
微距题材的分类与特点 ...............................................................................215
微距摄影的器材选择及画面特点 ...............................................................218
微距摄影的难点 ...........................................................................................220
14.2 获得微距效果的4 种方式 ...........................................................................222
普通镜头+ 近摄环拍摄 ...............................................................................222
自动改手动：提高放大倍率 .......................................................................223
倒接镜头 .......................................................................................................224
对接拍摄 .......................................................................................................224
版权信息：
书号: 978-7-115-62760-5
定价: 69.80
页数: 224
出版时间: 2024-02-01